The inr analysis is the international standard ratio that indicates the time it takes for blood to clot, and the value of the international standard ratio inr depends on the value of the examination known as the Prothrombin Time Test.
Prothrombin is a protein produced by the liver and one of the most important proteins responsible for the blood clotting process, so the INR varies depending on the value of prothrombin and the time it takes for blood to clot.

● Reasons for the INR analysis, the doctor requests the INR examination in several cases, as follows:

Taking warfarin, the INR ratio is monitored in patients who are treated with warfarin, which is one of the blood thinners that reduce the risk of clots, as the examination is usually performed for some twice a week or at least once a month for others, and that In order to monitor the effectiveness and safety of using the drug, and to determine whether the dose of the drug needs to be increased or decreased.

• Diagnosis of some diseases, the INR examination helps in detecting some diseases related to bleeding problems such as abnormal bleeding and bruising, hemophilia, blood clotting problems, especially before surgery, and liver problems.

● INR examination methods, the examination is done by taking a blood sample, and the sample can be taken as follows:

Taking an intravenous blood sample, which is the usual and traditional method of drawing blood. The sample is taken in the laboratory through a vein, and the results need to appear between one to two hours, or the period may extend to two days, depending on the laboratory.

Finger prick, this method depends on taking a small amount of blood with a finger prick, and the result is obtained within minutes, and helps the doctor determine whether the dose of warfarin needs to be adjusted or not, and the same device can be used to perform the examination at home as well, and inform the doctor As a result.

● Reading the INR analysis, the normal ratio for the INR conversion differs in healthy people compared to those who take warfarin, as the normal range and high or low ratios range as follows:

1. The normal INR ratio if warfarin is not taken
The normal ratio for healthy people is less than 1.1.

2. The normal ratio of the INR analysis when taking warfarin
The normal ratio ranges between 2-3, and the range of the normal ratio for analysis may be increased in patients with an artificial heart valve.

3. High inr analysis ratio
In cases where the INR is high, this indicates the length of time it takes for the blood to clot, and thus the patient is at risk of bleeding, and the most prominent reasons for this include the following:

• High dose of warfarin, and of course the doctor is authorized to reduce the dose by the correct amount.
• Liver problems.
• A decrease in the proportion of proteins responsible for blood clotting.
• Vitamin K deficiency, as it plays an important role in the process of blood clotting.

4. Decrease inr analysis ratio, relative to the depreciation of inr value

This indicates the short period of time it takes for the blood to clot, and thus the patient is at risk of clots, and the most prominent reasons for this include the following:

• Low dose of warfarin, and of course the doctor is authorized to increase the dose by the appropriate amount.
• Take nutritional supplements that contain vitamin K, as this affects the effectiveness of warfarin.
• Excessive intake of foods that contain vitamin K, such as broccoli, spinach, green tea, chickpeas, turnips, animal liver, and soybean products.• Drinking alcohol.
• Take medications that contain estrogen, such as birth control pills and alternative hormonal therapies.